Cobh ( KOHV , Ã, Ireland : An CÃÆ'³bh ), known from 1849 to 1920 as Queenstown , is a tourist port city on the southern coast of County Cork , Ireland. Cobh is on the southern side of the Great Island in Cork Harbor and is home to a special shipping terminal in Ireland. Tourism in this area utilizes maritime heritage and city emigration, including its relationship with RMS Titanic , built in Belfast.
Facing the city are Spike Island and Haulbowline Island. At the high point in the city stands a cathedral church in Cloyne diocese, St. Colman, which is one of the tallest buildings in Ireland.
Video Cobh
Name
The port, which already has several Irish names, was first called "Cove" ("The Cove of Cork") in 1750. It was renamed "Queenstown" in 1849 to commemorate a visit by Queen Victoria. No source was identified when the name was officially changed to Cobh , but it happened around the time the Irish Free State was established. Cobh is a Gaelisation of the English name of Cove, and it has the same pronunciation but has no meaning in Irish.
Maps Cobh
History
Initial history
According to legend, one of Ireland's first colonists was Neimheidh, who landed at Cork Harbor more than 1,000 years BC. He and his followers were said to have been destroyed in an outbreak, but the Great Island was known in Ireland as Oilean Ard Neimheadh ​​â € <â € due to his relationship with him. Later he was known as the Crich Liathain because of the reign of the sovereign Uae LiathÃÆ'¡in who ruled the area from Late Antiquity to the beginning of the 13th century. The island is then known as Oilean Mor An Barra (Great Island of Barry & Barrymore), after the Barry family who inherited it.
The village on the island was known in English as Ballyvoloon, overlooking "The Cove" and in 1743 a fortress, later known as Castle Fortress, was built east of the village. The settlement itself was first referred to as the village of Cove in 1750 by Smith the historian who said: "it is inhabited by sailors and officials of income". The Cork 1787 directory shows about thirty businesses in the city including one butcher and one cloth merchant. The Water Club founded in Haulbowline in 1720 is the ancestor of the Royal Cork Yacht Club (RCYC, now based in Crosshaven) and is the world's oldest yacht club. RCYC is based over the years at Cobh and the Sirius Art Center which is now used to be the club of the RCYC organization. In 1966, RCYC joined the Royal Munster Yacht Club, retaining the RCYC name but moved its headquarters to the RMYC office in Crosshaven on the other side of the harbor.
19th century
The international upheaval led to Cobh's rapid development in the early nineteenth century. Due to the natural protection of its harbor arrangements, the city became important as a tactical center for the purpose of a naval military base, never more than during the Napoleonic Wars. Today, the headquarters of the Irish Navy Service is on Haulbowline Island overlooking Cobh.
The war against France leads to the city, usually known as Ballyvoloon or The Cove of Cork, being a British naval port with its own admiral, and much of today's buildings are from this time. The end of hostilities ultimately damaged Cobh's prosperity for a while, but was soon recognized as a health resort when much of the recovery came to temperate climates. Among their number is Charles Wolfe, who wrote "The Burial of Sir John Moore After Corunna". Wolfe's body is buried in the Old Church Cemetery outside the city.
RMS Titanic
One of Ireland's main transatlantic ports, the city - by the turn of Queenstown and Cobh - was the departure point for 2.5 million of the six million Irishmen who emigrated to North America between 1848 and 1950. On April 11, 1912, like Queenstown, was the last port of call to RMS Titanic before he set off across the Atlantic on the last leg of his maiden voyage. He is assisted by P.S. America and P.S. Ireland , two aging White Star Line tenders, along with several other small boats delivering first class passenger luggage. Several local sources and knowledge show that a member of the Titanic crew, John Coffey, a Queenstown native, left the ship at this time, saving his life. 123 passengers boarded in Queenstown with only 44 survivors drowned.
Crime transport
Cobh is also a major embarkation port for men, women and children deported to a penal colony like Australia. Such deportation records can be found in the logbooks of the Cobh Museum, which since 1973 has been placed in a Scottish church (Presbyterian church until closure in 1969) overlooking the harbor.
Shipbuilding
A significant shipping industry was developed in the city, and the remnants of the Verolme Shipyard currently retain many of the original cranes and hoists that are now part of the industrial and maritime heritage.
The steam age brought Cobh's association with several milestones, including the first steamers that sailed from Ireland to England (1821) and the first steamers to cross the Atlantic (Sirius 1838), which sailed from Passage West.
In 1849, the city's name was changed to Queenstown, in honor of Queen Victoria who had visited Ireland that year.
RMS Lusitania and First World War
Other ships to connect with the city, the Cunard RMSÃ passenger ship, Lusitania , were drowned by a German U-boat ship from Kinsale's Old Head while traveling from the US to Liverpool on May 7, 1915. 1,198 passengers died, while 700 others saved. Survivors and similar victims were taken to Cobh, and the bodies of more than 100 people killed in the disaster were buried in the Old Church Cemetery just north of the city. The Lusitania Peace Memorial is located in Casement Square, opposite the curved building that houses the Library and Cobh Courthouse.
During the First World War, Queenstown was a naval base for British and American destroyers operating against U-boats that preys on Allied merchant shipping. Q-ships (heavily armed heavy trading vessels with hidden weapons, designed to lure submarines into making surface attacks) are called Q-ships precisely because many are, in fact, equipped in Queenstown. The first division of the American destroyer arrived in May 1917, and the sailors on duty were the first American soldiers to see the combat duty in the war. When the first convoy arrived at the harbor after passing a rough road in a smaller place than an open boat, its members were greeted by a crowd of sailors and townspeople, grateful for the help they anticipated to stop U Boats blocking Western Europe. Admiral Sir Lewis Bayly, the commander of the Coast of Ireland station, met with senior US officer, Commander Joseph Taussig, at the dock and asked how fast weather the American ship could use. "We're ready now, sir!" is a widely quoted answer from Americans.
The United States Navy established the US Naval Air Force Base in Queenstown in February 1918. It operated the aircraft during the last months of WW1, and closed in April 1919.
Due to the tactical military importance, under the terms of the 1921 Anglo-Irish Agreement, the port remained a British sovereign base in the Irish Free State after 1922. Together with the Port of Other Agreements, it was submitted to the Irish government of Free State in 1938.
Economy and tourism
Tourism is a big company in Cobh. Large cruises visit Cobh every year, especially during the summer months, although many tourists are transported out of Cobh by bus to other tourist destinations. Overall, nearly 100,000 cruise and crew passengers arrive in the city each year as their ships anchored in the city center at a special shipping terminal in Ireland. Sights are focused on maritime heritage and city emigration and include Queenstown Story at Cobh Heritage Center, Titanic Experience, Titanic Walking trail, Cobh Museum , Cobh Road Train, Spike Island tour, and St Colman's Cathedral. The town has remained largely unchanged since RMS Titanic departed from Cork Harbor in 1912, with streetscape and dock still much the same. Facing the city are Spike Island and Haulbowline Island. The latter is the headquarters of the Irish Navy Service, formerly the British naval base.
Cobh is home to an Irish steelmill, a former state-owned Irish steelwork closed by its buyer, Ispat International, in 2001. There is controversy over a slag spill at a steel plant, where there is concern that it might be washing into the harbor. Another important employer at Cobh is the Dutch Verolme Cork Dockyard, in Rushbrooke. It opened in 1960 but ceased operations in the mid-1980s. In 1981 MV Leinster was built at Verolme for service in Dublin - Holyhead route. The last ship built at Verolme is the Irish Navy Service LÃÆ' â € ° Eithne (P31). Some ship repair work is still done in Rushbrooke using drydock and other facilities. The drydock pump is considered to originate from 1912.
In the 21st century, a number of new developments have been completed, such as a new retail park at Ticknock in 2008, and a recreation center (with a 25m swimming pool) in August 2007. In 2010, Spike Island tours began, with tours left from Kennedy Pier, near the city center.
Transport
Rel
Outside the Dublin metropolitan area, Cobh is one of the few towns in Ireland served by commuter train services. The city is one of two terminals for the Commuter Cork Service. The other is Midleton. Regular commuting services run between the towns of Cork and Cobh, calling, among others, the Fota railway station, Carrigaloe railway station, and Rushbrooke railway station, along the way. Trains depart every day and travel time to Cork less than 25 minutes.
Cobh railway station opened on March 10, 1862 and closed for goods traffic on 3 November 1975.
Air
The nearest airport is Cork Airport - which can be reached within 20-30 minutes of Cobh via R624 and N25 roads.
Port
The Port Operational Center for Port Cork is located in the city. The launch of the port pilot based in Camber - the dock and pier is at the eastern end of the city.
Road
Currently there is only one road leading to Big Island, but a major increase of R624 road is planned which includes the construction of a new bridge (replacing the old Belvelly bridge) and the road from Belvelly north of Cobh, to Tullagreen where the R624 road joins the N25 road from Cork City to Rosslare at N25 Carrigtwohill-Cobh Interchange.
Cross River Ferry
In 1993, a Cross River ferry was established that allowed cars and passengers to travel from Glenbrook near Monkstown to Carrigaloe on the Great Island. Crossing from Glenbrook to Carrigaloe takes four minutes and runs daily. No reservations required.
Government and local politics
Cobh Town Council is the local authority that governs the city. It consists of nine elected Board members working with administrative, executive and technical staff, led by the City Manager. The City Council has many functions that serve the Cobh people. In June 2009 the political composition of the council was 3 Labor Party, 2 Fine Gael, 1 Fianna FÃÆ'¡il, 1 Sinn FÃÆ'Â © in and 2 independent board members. Contact details from Cobh's public representatives can now be found on the Cobh City Council website. The city is also part of the Midleton election area for elections to the Cork County Council and is in the electoral district of Cork East. As part of a review of cost cuts from local governments instituted by Environment Minister Phil Hogan, Cobh Town Council and 79 other local authorities in the Republic of Ireland will be eliminated from 2014. New local limits will also apply at the County Council level with a new 7 seat election area called "Cobh" which will be expanded from Glenville to the Cork City border, into Glanmire and east to Cobh and Carrigtwohill.
Art and culture
The Sirius Arts Center is an art center in Cobh and is situated by the beach. It hosts cultural events and music concerts both in-house and around Cobh.
The Cobh Peoples Regatta is held every year around August, and the highlight of summer culture. The show includes performances on stage from local musicians and players and contests to decide on 'Queen Regatta'. The festival usually ends with a fireworks show over the harbor, and attracts up to 20,000 people.
Cobh is the setting for Connor McPherson 2009's The Eclipse and is also used as a filming location for the 1999 Angela's Ashes movie.
Education
Cobh has several elementary and secondary schools including Colaiste Muire secondary school and Cobh Community College. In 2010 a new school construction is planned to be created by the Ministry of Education and Skills. Scoil Iosaef Naofa is an elementary school boy in the city, and has reached the final of 'Sciath na Scoil' for three consecutive years in a race and gaelic football.
People
Anne Elizabeth Ball (1808-1872) and Mary Ball, (born Cobh, February 15, 1812), are pioneer sisters of scientists who contribute to the knowledge of Irish flora and fauna. They are listed as the leading scientists in the history of phycology.
Sport
- Cobh GAA is the center for gaelic games located in Carrignafoy, with teams ranging from children's rooms to adulthood.
- Cobh Pirates RFC is a rugby city club, and competes in Junior 1, Junior 2 and under age levels. They play their home game at 'The Paddocks' in Newtown, where facilities include a gym, two playing fields, a training ground and a rubber training surface. Cobh Pirates Ladies team was formed in 2010.
- Cobh's most famous football team is Cobh Ramblers, where Roy Keane started before moving to English club Nottingham Forest, and Stephen Ireland started his career with minors Springfield Ramblers. Ramblers play in the First Division of the Irish League, with a home game at St Colman's Park 5500 capacity.
- Springfield AFC, based in Pat O'Brien Park, Ballyleary, serving both junior and senior football
- The Cobh Golf Club has an 18-hole championship course at Marino on the main R624 road into town.
- There are two beach rowing clubs, Rushbrooke Rowing Club and Cobh Fishermen. Rushbrooke Rowing Club is the largest of both and was established in 1989. Both clubs compete with Yawl class-class paddles and at the Copenhagen Combined Coastal Rowing Association.
- The annual "Escape from Spike Island" triathlon was first held in 2012 and hosted by the Cobh Triathlon Club. It now takes place every year in late summer, with both Olympic distance and distance sprint courses. The first "Great Island 10" (10-mile road race) took place on April 18, 2010, to raise funds for the Irish Cancer Society.
- Cobh is home to one of Ireland's oldest tennis clubs, Rushbrooke Lawn Tennis & amp; Croquet Club, founded in 1870.
Twin town
- Kolbuszowa, Poland
- PloÃÆ'¼rmel, France
- Cruzeiro, Brazil
- Lake Charles, Louisiana, USA
- Pontarddulais, Wales
See also
- List of cities and villages in Ireland
- Cork Suburban Rail
- Metropolitan Cork
- Emergency
- Plan W
References
External links
- Tour guide Cobh from Wikivoyage
- Cobh Tour
- Heritage Center Cobh
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments