The 1939-40 New York World's Fair, which covers 1,216 hectares (492Ã, ha) of Flushing Meadows-Corona Park (also the site of the New York World Fair 1964-1965), is the second most American Exposition which is expensive in the world of all time, only surpassed by the Louis St. Louis Purchase Exhibition Louis in 1904. Many countries around the world participated in it, and more than 44 million people attended the exhibition in two seasons. This is the first exposition based on the future, with the opening slogan "Dawn of a New Day", and it allows all visitors to see the "world of the future". According to the official pamphlet:
Fair's eyes are in the future - not in the sense of peering in the unknown direction or trying to predict future events and forms of things to come, but in the sense of presenting a new and clearer view of today in preparation for tomorrow; views of applicable powers and ideas and machines.
For its visitors, the Exhibition will say: "These are the materials, ideas, and powers that work in our world, these are the tools that World Tomorrow must use, all of them attractive and many businesses have been put out to put them before you by Interesting with today is the best preparation for the future.
Within six months of the opening of The Fair, World War II will commence, a six-year war and result in 50-85 million deaths.
Video 1939 New York World's Fair
Planning
In 1935, at the height of the Great Depression, a group of New York City businessmen decided to create an international exposition to lift the city and state from depression. Not long after that, these people formed the New York World's Fair Corporation, whose office was housed on one of the higher floors of the Empire State Building. The NYWFC elected former police chief Grover Whalen as president of their committee. The committee includes Winthrop Aldrich, Mortimer Buckner, Floyd Carlisle, Ashley T. Cole, John J. Dunnigan, Harvey Dow Gibson, Mayor Fiorello La Guardia, Percy S. Straus, and many other business leaders.
Over the next four years, the committee plans, builds, and organizes its exhibitions and exhibitions, with countries around the world taking part in creating the largest international event since World War I. In collaboration with the Fair committee is Robert Moses, New York City Park Commissioner , who sees great value for the City in having the World Fair Corporations (at its expense) removes the vast ash dump in Queens that will be the place for exposition. The event transformed the area into a City park after the exhibition was closed.
Edward Bernays directed a fair public relations in 1939, which he called 'democricity'. Grover Whalen, a public relations innovator, saw the Exhibition as an opportunity for the company to deliver consumer products, not as an exercise in presenting science and scientific thinking in its own right, such as Harold Urey, Albert Einstein and other scientists hoping to see the project. "As the events are going on," reported Carl Sagan, whose own interest in science continues to be triggered by Fair gadgets, "hardly any real science is attached to the Fair exhibition, regardless of the scientists' protests and their appeal to the high principles."
The promotion of this great event takes many forms. In 1938, the Brooklyn Dodgers team, the New York Giants, and the New York Yankees did their part to promote the upcoming fair with patches on their T-shirts featuring Trylon, Perisphere and "1939" on their left arm. Howard Hughes flew a special World Fair flight around the world to promote the 1938 exhibition.
While the main purpose of the exhibition is to lift the spirit of the United States and encourage much-needed business to New York City, it is also felt that there must be a cultural or historical association. It was therefore decided that a fair opening would be in accordance with the 150th anniversary of George Washington's first inauguration as President of the United States, and WPA artists painting murals appearing in the New York Times Magazine.
Maps 1939 New York World's Fair
Grand opening
On April 30, 1939, a very hot Sunday, the fair was opened, with 206,000 people in attendance. April 30 coincides with the 150th anniversary of the inauguration of George Washington, in Lower Manhattan, as the first President of the United States. Although many pavilions and other facilities are not quite ready for this opening, it is done with grand pomp and celebration.
David Sarnoff, then president of RCA and a strong supporter of television, chose to introduce television to the general public in the RCA pavilion. As a reflection of various technological innovations at the exhibition parade, Franklin D. Roosevelt's speech was not only broadcast through radio networks but also broadcasted along with other parts of the opening ceremony and other events at the exhibition. On April 30, 1939, President Roosevelt's opening ceremony and speech was seen on black and white television with 5 to 12 inch tubes. NBC used the event to inaugurate regularly scheduled television broadcasts in New York City via their W2XBS station (now WNBC). An estimated 1,000 people view the Roosevelt broadcast on about 200 television sets scattered throughout the New York metropolitan area.
To convince skeptical visitors that television is not a hoax, a set is made with a transparent case so that internal components can be seen. As part of the exhibition at the RCA pavilion, visitors can see themselves on television. There are also television demonstrations at the pavilions of General Electric and Westinghouse. During this official introduction at the exhibition, television sets became available for public purchase at various stores in the New York City area.
After Albert Einstein gave a speech that discusses cosmic rays, the exhibition lights are turned on ceremonially. The honorable officers received a special Opening Day Program which contained their names written in Braille.
- 1939 World's Fair ephemera
Exhibition
One of the first exhibits that received attention was the Westinghouse Time Capsule, which was not opened for 5,000 years (6939). Time capsule is a tube containing the writings of Albert Einstein and Thomas Mann, copies of Life Magazine, Mickey Mouse watches, Gillette razors, dolls of kewpie, dollars in coins, a pack of camels. cigarettes, millions of pages of text on microfilm, and more. The capsule also contained commonly used food seeds at the time: (wheat, corn, wheat, tobacco, cotton, hemp, rice, soybeans, alfalfa, sugar beets, carrots and barley, all sealed in glass tubes). Time capsule located on 40Ã, Â ° 44? 34.089? N 73Ã, Â ° 50? 43,842? W , at a depth of 50 feet (15 m). A small stone plaque marks his position. Westinghouse also features "Electro the Moto-Man": a 7 foot (2.1 m) robot that speaks, discriminates colors, and even "smoking" cigarettes.
On July 3, 1940, the "Superman Day" event was held. Notable is the coronation of "Super-Boy and Super-Girl of the Day" after an athletic contest, and a public appearance by Superman, played by an unknown man. Broadway actor Ray Middleton, who served as a judge for the contest, is often credited for appearing in Superman's costume on Superman's Day, but he is not; However, he may have played Superman during a live radio broadcast from the scene. Although unknown men in costumes are often said to have been the first actors to ever play Superman, Bud Collyer has been acting on the Superman radio series since the previous February.
The exhibition was also an opportunity for the 1st World Science Fiction Convention, later dubbed "Nycon 1".
Ralph Vaughan Williams composed his work for the harp orchestra and the Five Variants of Dives and Lazarus on the commission of the World's Fair. The first show was at Carnegie Hall in June 1939, conducted by Adrian Boult. In addition, the British Council commissioned a piano concerto from Arthur Bliss for the English Week at the World's Fair. Adrian Boult performed the New York Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra at Carnegie Hall on June 10, 1939, with Solomon as soloist.
Waylande Gregory's ceramic sculptor created The Fountain of the Atom, featuring the largest ceramic sculpture in modern times. It includes four Elements , each measuring 72 inches high (180 cm) and each weighing more than one ton. There are also eight electrons, described in Life Magazine (March 1939). Gregory also created two exhibits featuring its ceramic statues for the General Motors Building, American Imports and American Exports .
Nylon, View-Master, and Scentovision fabrics (early versions of Smell-O-Vision) were introduced at the Exhibition. Other exhibits include Vermeer's The Milkmaid paintings from the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam, a sleek pencil sharpener, a restaurant (still operating as White Mana in Jersey City, New Jersey), a futuristic car-based city by General Motors, and early television. There is also a large globe/planetarium located near the exhibition center. Voder Bell Labs, a keyboard-operated synthesizer, is demonstrated at the Exhibition.
Themes and zones
Fairs are divided into different themed zones, such as Transport Zone, Communication Zone and Business System, Food Zone, Government Zone, and so on. Almost every structure that was founded on the fairgrounds was remarkable, and many of them were experimental in many ways. Architects are encouraged by corporate or government sponsors to be creative, energetic and innovative. The design of new buildings, materials and furnishings is the norm. Many zones are arranged in a semicircle pattern, centered on Wallace Harrison and Theme Center designed by Max Abramovitz, consisting of two monumental buildings all white named Trylon (over 700 feet) high 210 m) and Perisphere which is entered by a moving staircase and exit through a large curved road called "Helicline". Inside the Perisphere is a "model city of the future that visitors see" from a high-moving road on the floor. These zones are distinguished by many color cues, including different wall colors and tints and different color lighting.
The colors blue and orange are chosen as fair official colors, as they are the colors of New York City, and are displayed prominently. Just Trylon and Perisphere are all white; the streets stretching into the zones of the Theme Center are designed with rich colors that change the farther from the center of the field. For example, exhibitions and other facilities along the Avenue of Pioneers are in blues development, starting with a pale color and ending with ultramarine inside. At night, with the latest lighting technology enabled, the effect is felt by many visitors to be an amazing experience.
Open public lighting is at a very limited time and pedestrian, probably consisting of simple incandescent lights in the city and none in this country. Electrification is still very new and has not gotten anywhere in the US. The exhibition is the first public demonstration of several lighting technologies that will become common in the coming decades. This technology includes the introduction of the first fluorescent lamps and fixtures. General Electric Corporation held a patent to a neon light bulb at the time. About a year later, three major companies, Lightolier, Artcraft Fluorescent Lighting Corporation, and Globe Lighting, which are mostly located in the New York City area, began to produce large-scale in the US from fluorescent lamps.
Another theme of the exhibition is the emergence of a new middle class, leading the expected recovery of the Great Depression. The Fair promotes the "Middleton Family" - Babs, Bud, and their parents - who appear in ads that show they are taking fair shots and new products are being produced to make life easier and affordable, like new automatic dishwasher.
Every day at the fair is a special theme day, in which a special button is issued; for example, May 18, 1939, was "Asbury Park, New Jersey Day". Some of these buttons are very rare and all are considered collections.
In 1940, the fair theme was changed to "For Peace and Freedom" as the war in Europe increased. A poster of the year's exhibition, issued by Borden's Milk, made Elsie the Cow proclaim "making you proud to be an American."
Transportation Zone
With a large area and a prominent location just south of the Theme Center, the Transportation Zone pavilion attracted widespread attention. Probably the most popular of the Transportation Zone pavilion is the one built for General Motors. There, Futurama's 36,000 square feet (3,300 m 2 ) exhibit, designed by renowned industrial designer and theater designer Norman Bel Geddes, transports fair visitors through a large diorama of the fictional parts of the United States. designed with mini-city streets, cities, 500,000 individually-designed homes, 50,000 miniature vehicles, aqueducts, and a million miniature trees of various species. These diorama elements gradually become larger as visitors, sitting in chairs above the head, moving through exhibitions, until cars and other elements of the exhibition become the size.
At the end of the trip the visitors to the pavilion out into the area built as a city intersection the size of a multi-storey building and store on all sides. Shops include car dealers and tool shops where visitors can see the latest GM and Frigidaire products. Like almost all the pavilions at the exhibition, these displays are not only meant to get people to buy sponsored products, but also to educate and inform the public about the new and unknown material and process at the time. Many new experimental product concepts and materials are shown that are not currently available for purchase, but will be available in various ways over the next few years. In many ways, a fair pavilion is more like a modern government-sponsored science exhibition exhibit than that of modern advertising advertising and sales promotion.
Adjacent to the GM Pavilion is the Ford Pavilion, where car racers drive on the eighth track on the roof of the building nonstop, day by day. Not far from GM and Ford is the Chrysler exhibition group, where audiences in theater with air conditioning, then new technology, can watch Plymouth being assembled in early 3D movies.
The railway was the main form of transportation for passengers and cargo in 1939, as airlines for passengers today. Many visitors to the fair will arrive in New York by train, and most visitors have at least moderate interest in the topic. The Railway Conference exhibition center (at seventeen acres) is "Railroads on Parade", a spectacular live drama that inaugurated the birth and growth of the railroad tracks. It's music by Kurt Weil and choreography by Bill Matons. In addition to the show, there are important historical objects that are displayed by various railroad and manufacturing companies, such as Tom Thumb's engine. The Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR) has an exhibited S1 engine, mounted on a roller under the driver's wheel and runs continuously at 60 mph (97 km/h) throughout the day. The British London Midland & amp; The Scottish Railway sent their Coronation express train with LMS Princess Coronation Class 6229 Duchess of Hamilton, (disguised as a locomotive sister 6220 Coronation ), to the exhibition. The Electro-Motive GM division has a new and efficient electric diesel locomotive look. Italian state railway displays one of their ETR 200 electric double-powered cars.
Communications and System Business Zones
A visitor walking to the left of the Theme Center on the Avenue of Patriot will visit focal Communications and Business Systems fairs. In AT & amp; T Pavilion the Voder, mechanical, synthetic voice, spoke to the audience, forecasting the widespread use of electronic sounds decades later.
In the IBM pavilion, electric typewriters and fantastic machines called "electric calculators" that use hollow cards, are on display. IBM also has art galleries with hundreds of artworks from 70 countries around the world. The exhibition for Ban Firestone featured the famous dwarf hippy, Billy, who was once the pet of former US President Calvin Coolidge.
Next to this business fair is the "Art Workshop" building on the 300 priceless masterpieces of the Old Masters, from the Middle Ages to 1800. Whalen and his team were able to borrow invaluable paintings and sculptures from Europe and hang them gracefully, simple buildings in Queens for two year. Thirty-five galleries showcase great works from DaVinci and Michelangelo to Rembrandt, from Hals to Caravaggio and Bellini.
Government Zone
The 60 foreign governments that participated in this exhibition contributed to the vast diversity of creatively designed pavilions that provide an amazing cultural range for fair visitors. The Italian pavilion seeks to integrate the grandeur of ancient Rome with a modern style, and a 200 foot (61 m) waterfall defines the pavilion facade. Its popular restaurant is designed with the shape of a luxury yacht. The French pavilion, in Court of Peace which is a large open space in the northeast of the Theme Center, runs a restaurant that is celebrated in such a way that once the fair is closed and World War II ends, the restaurant stays in New York City. This soon established itself as one of the best French restaurants in town: Le Pavillon.
English Pavilion
Lincoln Cathedral's Magna Carta also left England in 1939 for the first time in the English Pavilion at the exhibition. Within months the British joined World War II and were considered safer to remain in America until the end of hostilities. It therefore remained at Fort Knox, in addition to the original copies of the American constitution, until 1947.
Greek Pavilion
The Greek pavilion is very interesting because it is a mirror of how the semi-fascist regime Metaxas wants to show Greece to the world. The interior space was designed by Nelly, the famous Greek photographer. Collage Nelly reveals four aspects of Greece: the ancient Greek heritage, Christian spirituality, the beautiful landscape and the racial continuity of Greece. On one of its outer walls are four large murals featuring four historical episodes of Greek history, written by Gerasimos Steris. After the Exhibition ended, the pavilion was dismantled and parts were donated for the construction of the Greek Orthodox cathedral of Saint Nicholas in Tarpon Springs, Florida.
Japanese Pavilion
The Japanese pavilion was designed by Japanese-American architect Yasuo Matsui to resemble a traditional Shinto shrine, located in a Japanese garden. Offers tea ceremony and exhibition of Japanese flower arrangement. The interior has a "Diplomat room", featuring a reproduction of Liberty Bell made of pearls and Japanese diamonds, for $ 1 million. The room also features a photo mural in which it inscribed the motto "Dedicated to Eternal Peace and Friendship between America and Japan." Japan and the United States fought on 8 December 1941, a year after the exhibition closed.
The interior of the pavilion was designed by Japanese architect and photographer Iwao Yamawaki, who studied at the Bauhaus school in Germany in the early 1930s.
Jewish Palestinian Pavilion
The Jewish Palestinian Pavilion introduced the world to the concept of a modern Jewish state, which a decade later would become Israel. The pavilion is featured on a monumental hammered copper relief sculpture titled The Scholar, The Laborer, and Toiler of the Land by renowned Art Deco sculptor Maurice Ascalon.
Polish Pavilion
The Second Polish Republic prepares about 200 tons of various works of art. In mid-February 1939, all the goods were transported by train to the port of Gdynia, where they were posted at MS Batory, which left Gdynia on 28 February. Among the most important items presented by Poland in New York City are: the royal carpet of King Kazimierz Jagiello? Czyk, seven paintings that present important events of Polish history, 150 contemporary Polish paintings, gunmetal monuments JÃÆ'³zef Pi? Sudski, the armor of a Polish soldier from KÃÆ'³rnik Castle, an ancient Polish weaponry (14th Century 18th), a bell produced for exhibition purposes, folk costumes, home furnishings from various regions of Poland, and examples of Polish discoveries.
USSR Pavilion
Exhibits at the USSR Pavilion include a copy of the Mayakovskaya station's interior life size showcase from the Moscow Metro. Station designer Alexey Dushkin was awarded the Grand Prize of the 1939 New York World Expo.
- International Pavilion
- USSR Pavilion
Food Zone
Continuing out of the Themes Center, someone looks at the Food Zone. Among the many unique exhibits are the Borden exhibit, which features 150 crossed cows (including the original Elsie) on the Rotolactor that allows bathing them, drying them, and flushing them in a very mechanical way. Although no complete system has ever become common in milk production, many of its features will come into everyday use in today's rotary feeding chambers.
The next door is the Baking Continental exhibition, presenting the process of baking bread and other extensive and sustainable products. Consistent with a representative sense of design from Fair, this building is formed in the form of a large, white package of bread with red, yellow, and blue balloons on a curved facade. Americans today will recognize this as packaging for Wonder Bread. Behind the exhibit is the field from which the grain is harvested and used in the roasting process. There is a sign on the ground noting that this is the first time in more than 100 years that wheat has grown within the boundaries incorporated in New York City.
Entertainment Area
Outside of corporate and government zones, the area that is very popular but less encouraging is not integrated into the thematic matrix, and is a mere area of ​​the Zone. Despite the tall educational tone that Grover Whalen tries to set, the Amusements Area is the most popular part of Fair, and includes a roller coaster, Life Savers Parachute Jump (later moved to Coney Island, where he still stands today), 3Ã, ft (span> 914Ã,mm ) ride on a narrow Gimbels Flyer flyer (later purchased by Kennywood, where it still runs today), and carnival actions like a dwarf show collection.
Frank Buck showcased his "Frank Buck's Jungleland", featuring rare birds, reptiles, and wild animals along with Jiggs, a five-year-old trained orangutan. In addition, Buck provides three elephants, a 24-meter monkey mountain with 600 monkeys, and a popular attraction at the 1893 Chicago World Expo: a camel ride. A number of shows provide spectators with the opportunity to see women in very open or topless costumes, such as "Frozen Alive Girl", Living Pictures , and Dream of Venus build. This last attraction is a pavilion designed by the Spanish surrealist artist Salvador DalÃÆ', which contains a number of unusual statues and sculptures as well as naked performers almost like a statue. While there were protests by prominent politicians during the exhibition about "low-minded entertainment," and the New York Deputy Squad raided the show in the area on several occasions, the public generally accepted this form of entertainment.
Bendix Lama Temple girls show
The Old Bendix Temple is a full-sized 28,000 replica of the Potala 1767 temple in Jehol, Manchuria, ordered and brought back by industrialist and explorer Vincent Bendix. The Temple had previously been exhibited at the Chicago World Fair of 1933, called "Century of Progress". In New York, the Temple contains a girl show.
Aquacade
Billy Rose Aquacade is a spectacular musical and water show that marks many popular Hollywood musical forms in the following years. The show is presented at a special amphitheater that houses 10,000 people and includes an orchestra to accompany a synchronized and spectacular swimming show. It featured Johnny Weissmuller and Eleanor Holm, two of the most famous swimmers of the era, and stunning visitors with lighting and waterfalls and water curtains, pumped at waterfalls at 8,000 gallons per minute. The admission fee is 80 cents.
The Aquacade facility itself served as a theme park in the park for many years afterwards, including the 1964-1965 World Expo, but fell into disrepair in 1980 and finally dismantled in 1996.
Good Neighbor Policy
The 1939 New York World Exhibition is a place to promote neighborly relations between the US and Latin America. Placed against a background of growing Nazi threats, the World Exposition is an attempt to escape from the prospect of war and to promote peace and interdependence between countries. With fair exhibitions in more than 60 countries, with some coming from Latin America, this is a place to redefine negative Latin American stereotypes. Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Venezuela, Cuba, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Pan American Union are all represented at the World Exhibition. Every country takes the opportunity to showcase their country and make it more attractive to people around the world, especially in the United States. In their efforts to raise cultural awareness at the World Expo, countries are promoting tourism and trying to compare themselves to the United States in an effort to attract Americans.
Transportation
A special subway line, IND World's Fair Line, is built to serve the exhibition. World's Fair Station (now MetsÃ, - Willets Point) on IRT Flushing Line rebuilt to handle fair traffic on IRT and BMT. The Long Island Rail Road station (now MetsÃ, - Willets Point) is built next to the Flushing Line station. The IND extension leaves the IND Queens Boulevard Line to the east of Forest Hills - 71st Avenue station and before the 75th Avenue station. The World Exhibition Station is on the eastern side of Meadowlands on Horace Harding Boulevard. The Peri period map system maps and maps show temporary extensions. The World Exhibition Station is the terminal of the G train (alternate E train also runs to Fair World Station), and runs on the ground, separated from Fair square by fence, past Jamaica Yard, which is still in use.
For the 1939-40 Fair, a special fleet of 50 "World's Fair Steinway" cars was delivered in late 1938 by St. Car Company. Louis for Flushing Line service. Car # 5655 survives in the New York Transit Museum fleet.
Closing and current status
The exhibition was open for two seasons, from April to October each year, and officially closed permanently on 27 October 1940. To get a fair budget overruns under control before the 1940 season and to increase revenue gates, fair management in both years was replaced Whalen with the banker, Harvey Gibson, and puts a much greater emphasis on entertainment features and less on educational and lifting exhibits. The large exhibition attracted over 45 million visitors and generated revenues of approximately $ 48 million. Because Fair Corporation has invested 67 million dollars (in addition to nearly a hundred million dollars from other sources), it was a financial failure, and the company was declared bankrupt.
Many rides from the World's Fair were sold after closure to Luna Park, Coney Island authorized to call itself the New York World's Fair of 1941. The Life Savers Parachute Jump was sold in the same year to become Parachute Jump in Steeplechase Park.
The Unisphere, built as a symbol of the theme for the 1964/1965 World Exposition, now stands on the site occupied by Perisphere during the previous Exhibition.
World War II
Although the United States would not enter World War II until the end of 1941, the fair of the fair served as a window into problems abroad. The Polish and Czechoslovak pavilions, for example, did not reopen for the 1940 season. Also on July 4 of the same year, two New York City Police Department officers were killed by explosions while investigating the remaining time bombs in the British Pavilion. The bombing has never been solved, but there is evidence that the bombing was an insider job by William Stephenson, a New York-based British agent.
The countries under Axis rule in Europe in 1940 such as Poland, Czechoslovakia, and France run their pavilions with special nationalist pride. The only major world power that did not participate for the 1939 season was Germany, citing budgetary pressures. The USSR pavilion was dismantled after the first season, leaving an empty spot called "The American Commons". When the fair is closed, many of the European staff can not return to their home country, so they remain in the US and in some cases exercise tremendous influence on American culture. For example, Henri SoulÃÆ' Â © moved from the French Pavilion at the fair to open Le Pavillon restaurant, defending Pierre Franey as head chef.
World War II presents additional problems with what to do with exhibitions on display in the pavilions of countries under the occupation of Poros. In the case of the Polish Pavilion, most of the items were sold by the Polish Government in exile in London to the American Museum and sent to Chicago. A special exception was made for the monument of the Polish-Lithuanian King Rajie, whose Mayor Fiorello La Guardia loved it that he helped pioneer a campaign to install it in Central Park, where it still stands to this day.
Belgian Pavilion
Another building rescued from 1940 was the Belgian Building designed by Henry Van de Velde. It was awarded to Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, and was sent to Richmond in 1941. The school was still using the building for his home basketball game.
Bendix Lama Temple
After the Exhibition, the Temple was again dismantled, and kept for years. There was a proposal to establish it at Oberlin College, Harvard University, Indiana University, and elsewhere, but they all failed because of lack of funds. In 1984, some 28,000 pieces were sent to the Ethnographic Museum in Stockholm, Sweden, with plans to rebuild it in a nearby park, but objections from nearby Chinese embassies had stopped the project indefinitely.
New York City Building
Several buildings from the 1939 fair were used for the first temporary headquarters of the United Nations from 1946 until it moved in 1951 to its permanent headquarters in Manhattan. The former New York City Building was used for the UN General Assembly during that time. The building was later renewed for the 1964 fair as the New York City Pavilion, featuring Panorama of the City of New York, a large-scale model of the entire city. It became the home of the Queens Center for Arts and Culture (later renamed the Queens Art Museum, and now called the Queens Museum), which is still home and occasionally updating Panorama.
One other structure from 1939-40 Adil remains in the original location: Willet Point picks up the IRT station, built new for the Exhibition. It also serves the 1964-65 events and continues to serve the New York Mets game and US Open Tennis.
Cultural reference
The 1939 World Exposition made a strong impression on the participants and influenced the generation of Americans. The next generations try to recapture the impression it makes in fictitious and artistic care.
Movies and TV
- The exhibit still under construction appears at the end of The Giggling Ghosts (1938).
- In this movie Tuan. & amp; Mrs. Smith (1941), a comedy directed by Alfred Hitchcock, Carole Lombard, and Gene Raymond visited the exhibition after a dinner date and found themselves trapped high in the air on a popular parachute ride during malfunctions. li>
- The Pinky and the Brain episode of "Mice Do not Dance" (3-11a) took place at the 1939 World Exposition. The Twilight Zone Season 2 episode of "The Odyssey of Flight 33" follows Flight 33 which was lost in time and briefly in 1939, with a view of the sky of the World Fair. However, the pilot incorrectly identifies the location as Lake Success, which is actually in Nassau County, not Queens County.
- In episode The Simpsons 2003 "My Wife Remix, Please", Mr. Burns gave Homer a ticket to the exhibition as a reward for being the first employee to arrive at work on that day. Tickets are displayed featuring Trylon and Perisphere, as well as the opening and closing dates of the exhibition.
- In the 2011 film Captain America: The First Avenger, a very similar World Exposition of Tomorrow is displayed at the same Flushing Meadows location, though in 1943, the year when no World Fair was held at anywhere because of World War II.
Literature
- E.B. White recounted the visit to the fair in his 1939 essay "The World of Tomorrow".
- The exhibition still under construction is the focus of the entire book The World Fair Goblin (1939), written in the fall of 1938 after the editors and authors were given personal facts-searching/researching the exhibition tour. The original draft Goblin Adil Dunia is called The Man of Tomorrow , but it's considered a better ad to include the World Fair name in the title.
- DC Comics publishes the 1939 comic book of the New York World Fair Comics, followed by the 1940 edition of the following year. This became the forerunner of Superman/Batman's long-running team of World's Best Comics . Comics 1939 and 1940 are sometimes referenced in the All-Star Squadron . Early Superman is described as a result of the natural evolution of the inhabitants of his native world, leading to the alias "Man of Tomorrow", which reminds one of the "Tomorrow World" themes of the Exhibition.
- Doc Savage, a popular fiction character Era Pulp who uses scientific detection in his adventures, is seen as a perfect match for the concept of a fair "world of the future." President Grover Whalen for cross-promotional Grand Opening with publishers, Street & amp; Smith.
- In the novel The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier & amp; Clay (2000) by Michael Chabon, one of the main characters broke into the abandoned nightclub and Perisphere.
- Exhibits show prominently in graphic novels What Happens in the Future World? by Brian Fies. In it, a father takes his young son to an exhibition that inspires him for lifelong interest with the promise of a hopeful, miraculous future.
- The Australian novelist and playwright Frank Moorhouse places chapters from his award-winning novel Dark Palace at the World Expo. The protagonist of the novel, Edith Campbell Berry, works for the League of Nations and in one episode he is presented as the driving force behind the flying of the League flag along with the flags of the United States and the State of New York.
- E.L. The semi-autobiographical novel The Doctorow The World's Fair (1985) culminated with a long description of a boy's visit to the Exhibition.
- The DC Comics All-Star Squadron (1981-1987) will start using Perisphere and Trylon as Squadron's operating base starting at All Star Squadron # 21
More
- "Fifty Years after the Exhibition", a song written and recorded by Aimee Mann, describes the Exhibition from the current point of view "tomorrow", with a mixture of nostalgia and regret.
- The three respected French restaurants - La Caravelle, Le Pavillon and La CÃÆ'Â'te Basque - are branches of the seminal restaurant in the French pavilion of the 1939 New York World Fair, where Charles Masson pÃÆ'¨re begins as a servant under the legendary eyes of Henri SoulÃÆ'Â © ".
Archive
Archives of documents and films from New York World Fair 1939 are stored at the New York Public Library (NYPL). The official collection of company records from this exhibition is one of the richest and most widely used collections in NYPL. The vast spotlight of the collection can be viewed online, or through the award-winning free iPad app.
In October 2010, the National Building Museum in Washington, DC opened an exhibition titled Designing Tomorrow: The American World Expo in the 1930s . The exhibition, which is available for viewing through September 2011, prominently featured the 1939 New York World Exhibition.
See also
- 1964 New York World Fair - World Fair later on the same site
- Flushing Meadows-Corona Park - the current park area where World Fairs are held
- List of world expositions
- List of world exhibits
- League of Nations
References
Note
Further reading
-
James Mauro (2010). Twilight At The World of Tomorrow: Genius, Madness, Murder, and the 1939 World Fair at the Top of the War . Ballantine Book. ISBNÃ, 0-345-51214-6. - World Exhibition at War Night: Science, Technology, and Modernity, 1937-1942 by Robert H. Kargon and others, 2015, University of Pittsburgh Press
External links
- New York World 1939-1940 records, 1935-1945 Manuscripts and Archives, New York Public Library.
- Official BIE website
- 1939 World Holiday Tour
- Picture of '39 NY World's Fair
- Welcome to Tomorrow
- Iain Baird (Television Historian), Television at The World of Tomorrow
- Future Vision: NY World's Fair 1939 on Wayback Machine (archived May 1, 2010) Ã, - slideshow by Life magazine
- Contents of 1939 Time Capsule
- The Fair Community of New York
- Westinghouse Electric public relations film about the exhibition: "Middleton Family at New York World Expo" (1939).
- Recorded footage of a silent house movie in 1939 at the San Francisco Expo and New York World's
- Amateur film: Wathen Collection: New York World Expo, 1939-40 (Part II) (1939). Retrieved 2012-02-11.
- Documentary Films "I Have Seen the Future"
- Documentary "World Wide" Documentary
- 1939 amateur Records Fair Fairs and Royal Visit, YouTube Channels Toronto Archive
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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