The sissy garden is a large flowering hybrid plant species cultivated as garden flowers. This comes from the hybridization of several species in the Melanium ("the pansies") of the Viola genus, especially Viola tricolor, European and Asian wildflowers The West is known as heartsease. Some of these hybrids are referred to as Viola ÃÆ'â € wittrockiana Gams ex Nauenb. & amp; Butler. For simplicity, the older name Viola tricolor var. hortensis is often used.
The garden pansey flowers are 5 to 8 cm (2 to 3 inches) in diameter and have two slightly overlapping upper petals, two side petals, and one lower petal with a thin beard coming from the center of the flower. These petals are usually white or yellow, purplish, or blue. Plants can grow up to 23 cm (9 inches), and prefer the sun with varying degrees and good soil.
Video Pansy
Nama dan terminologi
Common English names, such as "effeminate", "viola" and "purple" can be used interchangeably. One possible difference is that plants considered "pansies" are classified in Viola sects. Melanium , and has four petals pointing upward (two edges of the petals upward), and only one pointing down, while those considered "violet" are classified in the Viola sect. Viola , and have two leads and three leads down. Another possible difference is made by the American Violet Society - International Cultivator Registration Authority for the genus Viola . It divides cultivated varieties in sect Viola . Melanium into four subgroups: B1 - pansies, B2 - violas, B3 - violets and B4 - cornuta hybrids. In this classification, modern "pansies" differ from the other three subgroups by having a clear "spot" or "eye" in the center of the flower.
Modern horticulture experts tend to use the term "effeminate" for large colorful flowering hybrids grown for bedding every year, while "violins" are usually reserved for smaller, more delicate annuals and perennials.
Etymology
The name "banci" is derived from the French word pensÃÆ' Â © e , "mind", and imported into Late Middle English as the name Viola in the mid-fifteenth century, because the flower regarded as a symbol of remembrance. The name "love in laziness" is meant to imply the image of a lover who has little or no other occupation than to think about her lover.
The name "heart-ease" comes from St. Euphrasia, whose Greek name means a cheerful mind. The woman, who refused marriage and took the veil, was considered a pattern of humility, the name was "simple violet".
In Scandinavia, Scotland, and the German-speaking countries, the transvestite (or his wild fellow Viola tricolor) is otherwise known as the "stepmother"; the name is accompanied by a theological tale of the selfish stepmother told to the children while the cashier plucks the appropriate parts of the flower to fit the flow.
In Italy, pansies are known as flammola (small fire).
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In the early years of the 19th century, Lady Mary Elizabeth Bennet (1785-1861), daughter of Earl of Tankerville, collected and cultivated every type of Viola tricolor (generally, heartsease) she could get in her father's garden in Walton-upon-Thames, Surrey. Under the supervision of his gardener, William Richardson, a large number of plants were produced through cross-breeding. In 1812, he introduced his panic to the world of horticulture, and, in 1813, Lee, a renowned flower and nursery seller, is growing flowers. Other nurseries followed Lee's example, and the sissy became a favorite among the community.
At the same time when Lady Bennett was busy processing heartsease, James, Lord Gambier did the same in his garden at Iver under the advice and guidance of his gardener William Thompson. A yellow violin, Viola lutea , and a pale yellow species originating from Russia, Viola altaica is one of the crosses that laid the foundations for a new hybrid classified as > Viola ÃÆ'â €
In 1833, there were 400 pansies available to the gardener who once considered his ancestor, the heartsease, a weed. Special guides are formulated for pansies but amateur gardeners prefer the less demanding luxury pansies. Around this time, James Grieve developed a violin and Dr. Charles Stuart developed violetta, both smaller, more compact plants than a sissy.
Cultivation
Modern horticulture experts have developed a wide range of sissy flower colors and bicolors including yellow, gold, orange, purple, purple, red, white, and even almost black (very dark purple). Pansies usually feature striking facial markings.
Plants grow well in sunny or partially sunny positions on well-drained soil. Pansy is immortal, but usually grows as a biennial or a season due to their leggy growth. The first year factory produces greenery, and contains flowers and seeds in its second year of growth. After that, the plant dies like once a year. Due to selective human breeding, most of the yard gardens are blooming in the first year, some only nine weeks after sowing.
Pansies are purchased as six packs or "flats" (USA) from young plants from the center of the garden and planted directly into the garden soil. The plants will grow up to 23 cm (9 inches) with flowers 5 to 8 cm in diameter (2 to 3 inches), although smaller and larger flowering cultivars are available.
Pansy is a strong winter in the 4-8 zone. They can survive by mild frosting and short snow periods, but, in areas with prolonged snow cover, the cover of dry winter mulch is recommended. In warmer climates, zones 9-11, pansies can bloom in winter, and are often planted in the fall. In a warmer zone, pansies can regenerate and come back next year. They are not very heat resistant; warm temperatures inhibit bloom and foul heat causes decay and death. In the colder zone, pansies may not survive without snow cover or protection (mulch) from extreme cold or freezing and thawing periods. They perform best in temperate zones, and the same amount of rainfall and sunshine.
Pansies, for best growth, are watered thoroughly about once a week, depending on climate and rainfall. Plants should not be too much water. To maximize bloom, plant foods are used about every week, depending on the type of food used. Beheadings on a regular basis can extend the bloom period.
Pests and diseases
Aphids
Aphids, which can spread cucumber mosaic virus, sometimes eat pansies. Infestations are treated with dilute soft soap spray (2 ounces per gallon) or insecticide.
Place of leaf
The spot leaf ( Ramularia deflectens ) is a yeast infection. Symptoms include dark spots on the edges of the leaves followed by a white net that covers the leaves. It is associated with cold wet springs.
Downy mildew
Pansy downy mildew is caused by a fungal-like organism Peronospora violae , which produces purple-brown leaf spots, often with circular yellowing, which has a gray fungus accompanying it under the leaves. This can greatly weaken or kill affected plants.
Powdery mildew
Disease caused by one or more fungal species in the Erysiphaceae family. Symptoms include purple gray powder at the edges and the lower part of the leaf. This is due to the air being stagnant and can be limited but should not be removed by spraying (especially the underside of the leaves).
Snails and snails
Snails and snails eat the leaves. Sometimes, sharp sand or top-dressing of peeling wood is used by gardeners to limit damage.
Stem rot
Rotting stems, also known as sissy diseases, are fungi carried by the soil and possibly dangerous with unsterilized animal waste. Plants can collapse without warning in the middle of the season. The leaves will mark and lose color. The flowers will fade and wilt prematurely. The stems will be broken on the land line if interested a bit. Plants may be total losses except tufted. Rotten stem treatments include the use of fungicides such as Cheshunt or Benomyl, which were used prior to planting. Infected plants are destroyed (burned) to prevent the spread of pathogens to other plants.
Cucumber mosaic virus
Cucumber mosaic virus is transmitted by aphids. Pansies with viruses have yellowish veins on young leaves, dwarf growth and anomalous flowers. The virus can fall asleep, affecting the whole plant and passed on to the next generation and to other species. Prevention is key: purchases should be entirely composed of healthy plants, and pH-balanced soil should be used which is not too wet or too dry. The soil should have a balanced amount of nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium. Other diseases that can weaken plants should be eliminated.
In art and culture
Symbolism
The pansy connection to pious humility is mentioned by Harte, who writes: "From the humility of the beast I have learned;/and in pansy life, the providence of God is understood". Gifford evokes Christian and classic tones, writes how "Pansies - still,/More blest of me, then you will live/your little day, - and when you die,/Sweet flowers! The muse is grateful/Will give you a verse". Smart proposes "Is not that for you, oh sun,/Those pansies, who lie out of the bank/Look through the stream, neatly pale,/their portraits in Heaven upside down,/Maybe also change their triple, white,/purple, and gold".
Due to its popularity in society and its repetitive appearance in romantic poetry, various new nicknames for flowers began to circulate. Dorothea Lynde Dix states that "There may be no flowers (no queens queens) who claim to be universally as favorites, as viola tricolor; none are currently respected with so rich names, as well as expressive graces, delights and tenderness." these names play on the strange nature of love, including "The Three Faces under the Hood," "Flower Flower," "Jump and Kiss Me," "Jove Flowers," and "Pink of my John."
At Hamlet , Ophelia distributes flowers with a saying, "There is pansy, it is for the mind" (IV.5). Other poets who refer to the sissy include Ben Jonson, Bernard Barton, Michael Drayton, Edmund Spenser, William Wakefield, and William Wordsworth.
Nathaniel Hawthorne published his last literary work, an unfinished work, titled Pansie, a Fragment , sometimes called Little Pansie, a fragment in 1864. DH Lawrence's Pansies: Poems by DH Lawrence were published in 1929, and Margaret Mitchell initially chose Pansy as the name of the heroine of Gone with the Wind, but settled in Scarlett just before the book was printed.
The word "effeminate" has shown an abominable man since Elizabethan times and his use as a disparaging term for greedy men or boys, as well as for a homosexual man who confesses, is still in use. The word "ponce" (which now means a pimp) and the adjective "poncey" (feminine) also come from "pansy".
Visual art
In visual art, Pierre-Joseph RedoutÃÆ'Â © painted the Bouquet of Pansies in 1827, and, in 1874, Henri Fantin-Latour painted Still Life with Pansies. In 1887, van Gogh painted the Mand met with viooltjes , and, in 1926, Georgia O'Keeffe made a simple black label called Pansy White Pansy in 1927. JJ Grandville created a fantasy flower called PensÃÆ'Â © e in his book "Fleurs AnimÃÆ'Â © es .
As a symbol
Because the name means "mind", the sissy is chosen as a symbol of Freethought and has been used in the American Secular Union literature. The humanists also use it, because the appearance of the sissy is currently being developed from heartsease by two centuries of intentional crop hybrids. Certain colors of the flowers - purple, yellow, and white - are meant to symbolize memories, loving thoughts and souvenirs, respectively. The Freedom From Religion Foundation (FFRF) uses extensive pansy symbols in the collar pins and louds. The flower has long been attributed to the human way, as one would say cleverly: "Nature sports as much as the color of this little flower as he does with the features of a human face."
Tradition and use
In William Shakespeare A Midsummer Night's Dream, "heartsease juice" is a love herb and "on a sleeping eyelid, will make a man or woman crazy about the next living thing he sees." (II.1 ).
In the language of flowers, honey and sissy flower left by a lover for his favorite means, "I think of our forbidden love". In 1858, the author James Shirley Hibberd wrote that the French custom of giving bridal bouquets (minds) and marigolds (cares) symbolizes the misery of domestic life rather than marital happiness.
A German fairy tale tells of how a sissy lost her perfume. Initially the pansy will be very fragrant, grow wild in the fields and forests. It is said that people will trample the grass completely with the desire to take pansies. Unfortunately, the cows of the famine are hungry because of the damaged fields, so the sissy prays to release the perfume. The prayer was answered, and without the fragrance, the fields grew high, and the cows became fat on the fresh green grass.
American pioneers thought that "a handful of violet flowers brought to spring farming houses ensures prosperity, and ignoring this ceremony endangers chicks and ducklings." Because of its place in the heart of America, a game called "Violet War" also appears. In this game, two players will intertwine hooks where the sissy flowers fill the trunks, then try to pull two separate flowers like wishbones. Anyone who pulls most of their opponent's violet head is proclaimed a winner. Young American settlers also make sissy dolls by lining up the effeminate "face" flowers, sticking to leaf skirts and twigs of arms to complete the numbers.
Pansy is also used in phytotherapy.
Gallery
References
- Remember The Flower On The Face, But Not Human. "Milwaukee Sentinel." September 15, 1929. P. 12.
External links
- PansyFlowers.com, information about pansy
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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