Christiansborg Palace

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Christiansborg Palace (Danish: Christiansborg Slot ; pronounced [k? EsdjÃƒÆ'Ã‚|ns'b ?: ??? 'sl? D] ) is a palace and government building on the small island of Slotsholmen in central Copenhagen, Denmark. This is the seat of the Danish Parliament ( Folketinget ), Danish Prime Minister's Office and the Danish Supreme Court. Also, some parts of the palace are used by Danish monarchs, including the Royal Reception Room, Chapel of the Palace and Royal Stables.

Thus the palace is home to the three highest powers: executive power, legislative power, and judicial power. It is the only building in the world that holds three branches of the country. The Christiansborg names are likewise used as a metonym for the Danish political system, and everyday language is often referred to as Rigsborgen (English: royal fortress) span>) or only < i> Borgen (English: castle ).

This building, the third with this name, is the last in a series of palaces and palaces built on the same site since the erection of the first castle in 1167. Since the early fifteenth century, various buildings have functioned as a central administrative base; until 1794 as the main residence of the kings of Denmark and after 1849 as the seat of parliament.

The palace today witnessed three Danish architectural eras, as a result of two serious fires. The first fires occurred in 1794 and the second in 1884. The main part of the palace at this time, completed in 1928, was the historic Neo-baroque style. The chapel dates from 1826 and is a neoclassical style. Showgrounds built 1738-46, in baroque style.

The Christiansborg Palace is owned by the country of Denmark, and is run by the Palace and Property Agent. Some parts of the palace are open to the public.

Video Christiansborg Palace

Histori

Kastil Absalon

The first castle on the site is Fort Absalon. According to Danish chronicler Saxo Grammaticus, Bishop Absalon of Roskilde built a castle in 1167 on a small island just outside Copenhagen Harbor. The castle was made by a curtain wall, encircling a covered courtyard with several buildings, like a bishop's palace, a chapel and several small buildings.

At Absalon's death in 1201, the ownership of the castle and city of Copenhagen passed to the bishops of Roskilde. However, several decades later, a fierce fierce battle erupted between the crown and the church, and for nearly two centuries, the ownership of the castle and the city was opposed between the king and the bishop. Furthermore, the castle is often attacked, for example by Wend pirates and Hansa cities, and during the years 1249 to 1259 the city was occupied and looted.

In 1369, after the conflict with King Valdemar IV of Denmark, the Hanseatic League sent 40 masons to destroy the stone castle with stone. The fort had long interfered with the trading of the Hanse cities in Sound, and now the time came to erase it.

Copenhagen Castle

During the years following the dismantling of Bishop Absalon's castle by the Hansa League in 1369, the ruins on the island were covered with earthworks, where a new fortress, Copenhagen Castle, was built. The castle has a curtain wall and is surrounded by a moat and with a large sturdy tower as the entrance gate.

The castle still belonged to Bishop Roskilde until King Eric VII seized the castle in 1417. Since then the castle in Copenhagen was occupied by the king. In the mid-fifteenth century, the castle became the main residence of the Danish kings and central government.

The castle was rebuilt several times. In the 1720s, Frederick IV completely rebuilt the castle, but became so heavy that the walls began to give way and cracks. Because it became clear to Christian VI, the successor of Frederik IV, immediately after the accession to the throne in 1730, that an entirely new castle had to be built.

The demolition of the extended and ancient Copenhagen Kastel began in 1731 to give space for the first Christiansborg. Absalon castles and Copenhagen castles were excavated in the early 20th century and can be seen today in underground excavations under the current castle.

First Christiansborg

King Christian VI commissioned architect Elias David HÃƒÆ'Ã‚Â¤usser to build the first Christiansborg Palace (Denmark, Christiansborg Slot ), and in 1733 work began in a magnificent baroque palace. In 1738, work in the main palace has grown so far that it is possible to start on other buildings included in the total project. The palace includes the venue and the chapel. Most of the palace complex was completed in 1745 and was the largest palace in Europe at the time.

The castles and churches were destroyed by fire in 1794, but places of worship were rescued.

Both Christiansborg

While the royal family lived in temporary accommodation at Amalienborg Palace, Altona's main builder, architect Christian Frederik Hansen, was summoned to Copenhagen to revive the palace. Hansen began building the second Christiansborg in 1803 in the style of the French Empire. By the time the palace was completed in 1828, King Frederick VI had decided he did not want to stay there after all, and he only used the palace for entertainment. King Frederick VII was the only king who lived in the palace. This was between 1852-1863.

After the introduction of a constitutional monarchy with the 1849 Constitution, the southern wing of the palace became the meeting place of the first two houses of the Danish Parliament (Rigsdagen).

The second Christiansborg was burned in 1884. What kept the exhibition grounds and the Hansen chapel.

Third Christiansborg

Thorvald JÃƒÆ'Ã‚Â¸rgensen won an architectural competition to decide who would design the third Christiansborg (and now), built from 1907-1928. The palace contains venues for royal, legislative and judicial families, and is built in the Neo-baroque style in reinforced concrete with granite-coated facades. Fragments of C.F. Hansen Palace is preserved in the northern facade facing the courtyard of Prince George ( Prins JÃƒÆ'Ã‚Â¸rgens GÃƒÆ' Ã‚ rd ). The original roof was tiled, but after the national collection, the tiles were replaced with copper in 1937-1938. A weather vane with two crowns is then added to the tower, and at 106 meters becomes the highest tower in the city.

During the excavation work, they discover the ruins of Absalon Palace and Copenhagen Castle. It was decided to make them publicly accessible, and the ruins under the current palace, and the historical exhibition opened to the public in 1924.

Maps Christiansborg Palace

Christiansborg Palace today

The palace is roughly divided in the middle, with Parliament located in the south wing and the Royal Acceptance Chamber, the Supreme Court and the Prime Minister's Office in the north wing.

Some parts of the palace are open to the public after the announced itinerary with available tours, at considerable cost. It is located in the center of Copenhagen's Indre By ("City Center") district.

Royal Reception Room

The Royal Reception Rooms at Christiansborg Palace are located on the first floor and first floor in the northern part of the palace. The rooms are used for official functions of the king such as banquets, state dinners, levÃƒÆ' Ã‚ Â© e New Year, diplomatic accreditation, audience and state council meetings.

The reception hall is richly decorated with furniture and artwork rescued from two previous palaces, as well as decorations by some of the best Danish artists, such as Nikolaj Abraham Abildgaard, Christoffer Wilhelm Eckersberg, Laurits Tuxen, Joakim Skovgaard, and BjÃƒÆ'Ã‚Â¸rn NÃƒÆ'Ã‚Â¸rgaard.

To reach Royal Reception Rooms someone passes through Queen's Gate (Dronningeporten), and through Hall of the Halberdiers (Drabantsalen), you get to King's Stairway ( Kongetrappen). At the foot of the stairs is the Audience Chamber (Audiensgemakket) and the State Board Room (StatsrÃƒÆ' Ã‚ Â¥ dssalen). The Queen holds an audience every other Monday and attends the Council with the government as requested - usually on Wednesday. The Queen in the Council signed a new Law after their adoption in Parliament. The Audience Chamber and the State Council Room are the only Royal Reception Chamber that is closed to the public.

The King Stairs give access to Tower Hall (TÃƒÆ'Ã‚ Â¥ rnsalen). The Tower Hall features a series of tapestries with motifs of Danish folk songs, woven after the cartoon painted by Joakim Skovgaard.

Facing Palace Square is an oval Throne Room (Tronsalen) where foreign ambassadors submit their identity to Queen Margrethe II. The Throne Room gives access to a balcony where Danish kings are proclaimed. The Throne Room is decorated with large ceiling paintings by KrÃƒÆ'Ã‚stensten Iversen, describing how the Danish flag, Dannebrog, fell from the sky in Estonia in 1219.

The Royal Reception Rooms also include Fredensborg Hall (Fredensborgsalen), with Laurits Tuxen's painting of King Christian IX and his entire family together at Fredensborg Palace, and part of the Queen's Library.

The Great Hall is the largest and most spectacular of the Royal Reception Room. The hall is 40 meters long with a ceiling height of 10 meters, and the gallery goes all the way around the room. The Hall accommodates 400 guests and is used for banquets, state dinners and receptions.

The Great Hall was renovated on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of Queen Margrethe II when 17 artist rugs BjÃƒÆ'Ã‚Â¸rn NÃƒÆ'Ã‚Â¸rgaard telling the history of Denmark hung on the wall. The tapestry was a gift from the Danish business community on the occasion of Queen Margrethe II's 50th birthday.

The Alexander Hall (Alexandersalen) is named for marble decoration Bertel Thorvaldsen "Alexander the Great Enters Babylon". The decor was made for the second Christiansborg Palace, and partly survived the fire. It was later restored and installed in this room. The Hall is used for smaller receptions and formal dinners, often associated with state visits.

Parliament Wing

The first floor of the Parliament Wing is structured around the Lobby. At both ends of the Lobby are Rigsdagen rooms, bicameral parliament; Folketing space is located at the far end and Landsting is located on the other side (far space has been the only one used since Folketing became the only legislative assembly in 1953). Throughout the hall are various rooms such as Speaker's office and office for administration.

Ruins under the palace

Below this palace are the ruins of Bishop Absalon Castle and Copenhagen Castle. When the foundations of the Christiansborg Palace are currently being cast, the workers find the ruins of several buildings and parts of the curtain wall.

Experts are called from the Danish National Museum and the ruins, which are located under the courtyard of the inner palace, are excavated. The public interest in these ruins, dating from about 1167, is remarkable. It was therefore decided that the ruins should not be covered again but preserved for posterity. The reinforced concrete structures erected to cover the ruins were the largest of its kind in Denmark when it was built in 1908.

The ruins beneath the palace square were dug in 1917 and a cover was also built on them. The ruins have been open to the public since 1924. The ruins exhibit was renovated during the period 1974-77 and remains largely untouched since then.

Palace Chapel

Christiansborg Palace Chapel is part of a castle that is at the disposal of the Danish Kingdom. It is used for religious ceremonies for members of the Danish Royal Family, especially baptisms, confirmations and officials who are in the state. It is also used by the Danish Parliament for Church services in connection with the opening of parliament.

The history of the Christiansborg Palace Chapel returns to the first Christiansborg Palace, built by contractor General Elias David HÃƒÆ'Ã‚Â¤usser from 1733-45. King Christian VI was interested in architecture, and he commissioned a talented young architect in the service of the King's building, Nicolai Eigtved, to design the palace chapel (1738-42). Eigtved took the opportunity and designed one of Rococo's most famous interiors in Denmark.

In 1794 a fire destroyed the palace and it was decided to destroy the ruins completely. The demolition, however, never happened.

The architect Christian Frederik Hansen, who raised the palace between 1803-1828, was also commissioned to rebuild the palace chapel in 1810. The work began in 1813, using the foundations and stones as far as possible. The main church and palace were built in a strict neo-classical style, with the construction of a dome over the interior of the central church. The palace chapel was inaugurated on Whit Sunday, May 14, 1826, to mark the 1,000 years of Christianity's introduction to Denmark.

The second palace fire in 1884 rescued the church, when the fire stopped at the buildings linking it to the palace. However, fate finally caught up with the church of June 7, 1992. The church was burned down, probably burned by fireworks that were turned off during the Whitsun carnival.

During the 1992 church fire, the roofs, vaults and floors of the separation were on fire and the inventory was badly damaged. Shortly afterwards, the Palace and the Danish Ministry of Finance Property Agency began rebuilding the chapel in collaboration with Erik MÃƒÆ'Ã‚Â¸ller Drawing Studio A/S and the State Registered Buildings Inspector Jens Fredslund. There are no images of domes and roofs, but systematic training in archaeological constructions records the remains of charred buildings, and allows to re-create domes and roofs. Historically accurate building methods are also used throughout the rebuilding process.

Danish artisans can not do the difficult job of restoring and creating interior scagliola. One of Germany's leading experts, Manfred Siller, took over and taught a noble technique to the Danish plaster worker.

The rebuilt church was inaugurated on January 14, 1997 to celebrate Queen's Day of Margrethe II. Rebuilding was awarded the prestigious Europa Nostra award.

Soil Equestrian Complex

The Show Grounds now live left from the first Christiansborg Palace. They consist of two symmetrical wings with straight stable, low and narrow buildings followed by wide tall buildings and small curved enclosures, after which a narrow one-storied building from the wing at the end of Frederiksholm Canal.

In 1742, the north wing became the first to complete. The building work in the south wing began in June 1740 but was halted by the fall due to difficulties in obtaining supplies. The work did not start again until January 1744, now under the supervision of young architect Nicolai Eigtved. Eigtved's superior artistic wisdom means it is more beautiful than the north wing. In 1746, 87 horse-hunting and 165 horse carriages moved into the new stable, the largest ever.

In 1766-67, architect Nicolas-Henri Jardin built a theater on the floor above a large horse stall. Now a Theater Museum.

The Royal Stables is home to horses and carriages used to make ceremonial transportation to the Royal Danish Family during state occasions and celebration events. In 1789, the number of horses reached a peak with 270 stable horses. Currently, there are about 20 horses left, and some parts of the original stable building have been converted into offices and garages.

From 2007 to 2009, Royal Stables underwent extensive renovations to meet current animal welfare legal requirements.

The Equestrian School is located on the northern wing of the Equestrian Equestrian Complex, opposite the Court Theater. The Riding School is used for horse performances and to train horses from the Royal Stables. Sometimes it is also used for various cultural events such as opera or theater performances.

The interior is more or less unchanged since construction in the 1740s. It is equipped with a balcony and a royal box to allow viewers the possibility to attend the rehearsals and performances. The royal box is unique in that it is the only preserved royal chamber of the first palace.

The Court Theater

The Court Theater is located above the stables in the southern wing of the Equestrian Equestrian Complex, opposite the Equestrian School. Since 1922, the Court Theater has accommodated the Museum Theater collection. Auditorium is often used for theater performances, lectures and television programs.

Already in Copenhagen Castle, one of its wings is installed as a theater. However, the first Christiansborg Palace was built without a theater. During the early reign of King Christian VII it became customary to hold a theater performance in the Banquet Hall, and in 1766 it was decided to build a proper courthouse. Cloth storage space adapted to the auditorium. The theater was designed by French architect Nicolas-Henri Jardin and inaugurated by King Christian VII and Queen Caroline Matilda in January 1767. The small remains of this original theater as reconstructed in 1842 followed the design of the architect JÃƒÆ'Ã‚Â¸rgen Hansen Koch. In time the Court Theater began to function as an appendix to the Royal Danish Theater. In 1881 the theater closed as a venue after the tragic Ringtheater fire in Vienna underlining the dangers involved in continuous use of the old theater.

Tower

In June 2014, the viewing platform at the Tower, still the highest in the city, was made accessible to the public, while the interior of the Tower was refurbished and a restaurant opened in what was once a storage space. Access to the display platform is free, though passing security checks is necessary due to the official nature of the building. There is a convenient elevator.

Views

The View, Tower's observation deck, gives you the opportunity to enjoy the sights of the following buildings:

Other features

Marble bridges and pavilions

In the original project of HÃƒÆ'Ã‚Â¤usser from the first Christiansborg, two palace wings were connected by a gate at the end of the Frederiksholm Canal, and a pull bridge led over the canal. The Palace Construction Commission was not completely satisfied with the proposal and asked two young architects working for the royal building authority, Nicolai Eigtved and Lauritz de Thurah, to propose alternative suggestions.

Their proposal includes a permanent bridge over the Frederiksholm Canal that forms the main entrance to the palace and two portal pavilions flank the open drive and close the complex between the two wings. Both bridges and pavilions are in a new rococo style.

Responsibility was transferred to Eigtved, who was the prime mover behind the project.

The bridge was very elegant - sandstone covered with a medal decoration by sculptor Louis August le Clerc. The sidewalks are paved with Norwegian marble, hence the name of the Marble Bridge ( Marmorbro ), and the path is paved with rocks.

The pavilions are as grand as the bridge. They were covered with sandstone from Saxony, and the glorious sculptor Johan Christof Petzoldt adorned a sunken roof with a royal back-to-back monogram and four figures on each roof symbolizing the positive features of the royal couple. The interior decoration is by palace master Jacob Fortling. The bridge and pavilion finished in 1744.

In 1996, when Copenhagen was the Capital of European Culture, the Palace and Property Agents completed the restoration of the Showgrounds that had been going on for years. The Marble Bridge and Pavilions were restored between 1978 and 1996 by architects Erik Hansen and Show Grounds from 1985-1996 by the Royal Inspectors of the Registered State Building Gehrdt Bornebusch.

King Christian IX statue rider

A collection began for the construction of a monument to King Christian IX shortly after his death in 1906. The following year four artists were invited to compete for a commission. There is no discussion about the position of the statue. It will be established at the Christiansborg Riding Ground Complex as a pendant for the statue of King Frederick VII in the Palace Square.

Sculptor Anne Marie Carl-Nielsen, wife of composer Carl Nielsen, won the competition with her proposal for a new riding statue. In the proposal, the statue was displayed on a high pedestal, on the side of a relief depicting the procession of prominent people on that day, including industrialist Carl Frederik Tietgen, Jakob politician BrÃƒÆ'Ã‚Â¸nnum Scavenius Estrup and poet Jens Peter Jacobsen and Holger Drachmann. Relief was later fired, and architect Andreas Clemmensen designed the pedestal that bears today's horses.

Sculptors search across the country for the right horse to stand as a model, but find it in Hanover in Germany. This caused a lot of displeasure among the Danish horse breeders.

The monument took a long time to be completed, but in 1927, 21 years after the king's death, it was unveiled at the Equestrian Earth Complex.

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